Summary
Exposure to asbestos fiber is central to mesothelial carcinogenesis. Recent sequencing studies on human and rodent malignant mesothelioma (MM) revealed frequently mutated genes, including <i>CDKN2A</i>, <i>BAP1</i> and <i>NF2</i>. Crocidolite directly or indirectly catalyses the generation of hydroxyl radicals, which appears to be the major driving force for mesothelial mutations. DNA base modification is an oxidative DNA damage mechanism, where 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is the most abundant modification both physiologically and pathologically. Multiple distinct mechanisms work together to decrease the genomic level of 8-OHdG through the enzymatic activities of <i>Mutyh, Ogg1</i> and <i>Mth1</i>. Knockout of one or multiple enzymes is not lethal but increases the incidence of tu
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