Summary
Denitrification, a significant pathway of reactive N-loss from terrestrial soils, impacts on agricultural production and the environment. Net production and emission of the denitrification product nitrous oxide (N2O) is readily quantifiable, but measuring denitrification's final product, dinitrogen (N2), against a high atmospheric background remains challenging. This review examines methods quantifying both N2 and N2O emissions, based on inhibitors, helium/O2 atmosphere exchange, and isotopes. These methods are evaluated regarding their capability to account for pathways of N2 and N2O production and we suggest quality parameters for measuring denitrification from controlled environments to the field scale. Our appraisal shows that method combinations, together with real-time monitoring and
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