Summary
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether more years spent in education is a causal risk factor for myopia, or whether myopia is a causal risk factor for more years in education. DESIGN: Bidirectional, two sample mendelian randomisation study. SETTING: Publically available genetic data from two consortiums applied to a large, independent population cohort. Genetic variants used as proxies for myopia and years of education were derived from two large genome wide association studies: 23andMe and Social Science Genetic Association Consortium (SSGAC), respectively. PARTICIPANTS: 67 798 men and women from England, Scotland, and Wales in the UK Biobank cohort with available information for years of completed education and refractive error. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mendelian randomisation analyses were perf
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