Summary
BACKGROUND: Necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME, aka Pug dog encephalitis) is an inflammatory brain condition associated with advanced disease at initial presentation, rapid progression, and poor response to conventional immunomodulatory therapy. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: That genetic risk for NME, defined by a common germline DNA haplotype located on chromosome 12, is associated with altered blood cytokine concentrations and leukocyte subsets in asymptomatic Pugs. ANIMALS: Forty Pug dogs asymptomatic for NME from a hospital sample. METHODS: Prospective observational cohort study, including germline genome-wide genotyping, plasma cytokine determination by multiplexed profiling, and leukocyte subset characterization by flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS: Seven (18%) dogs were high risk, 10 (25
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