Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

Variation in<i>PCSK9</i>and<i>HMGCR</i>and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes

Brian A. Ference, Jennifer G. Robinson, Robert D. Brook, Alberico L. Catapano, M. John Chapman, David Neff, Szilárd Vörös, Robert P. Giugliano, George Davey Smith, Sergio Fazio, Marc S. Sabatine

New England Journal of Medicine · 2016

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Summary

This genetic association study used Mendelian randomisation to compare the cardiovascular and metabolic effects of LDL cholesterol lowering via PCSK9 inhibition versus statin-like HMGCR inhibition. PCSK9 and HMGCR variants showed nearly identical protective effects against cardiovascular events (OR 0.81 per 10 mg/dL LDL reduction for both), but both were also associated with a modest increased diabetes risk (OR ~1.11–1.13). The findings suggest that pharmacologic PCSK9 inhibition may confer similar cardiovascular benefit to statin therapy, though with a small offsetting metabolic cost.

UK applicability

The findings are directly relevant to UK clinical practice and cardiovascular prevention policy, as they address the efficacy and safety profile of emerging PCSK9 inhibitors within the UK's National Health Service context. The results support consideration of PCSK9 inhibitors as an alternative lipid-lowering strategy in patients at high cardiovascular risk, though the modest diabetes risk signal warrants monitoring in clinical use.

Key measures

Odds ratios for cardiovascular events and diabetes per 10 mg/dL decrease in LDL cholesterol; confidence intervals; effect sizes for PCSK9 and HMGCR variants; stratified analysis in persons with impaired fasting glucose

Outcomes reported

The study examined the association between genetic variants in PCSK9 and HMGCR genes with LDL cholesterol levels and their effects on risk of cardiovascular events and diabetes across 112,772 participants from 14 studies. Researchers compared the magnitude and direction of effects on cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk mediated by LDL cholesterol reduction through these two distinct genetic pathways.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Dietary fats & fatty acids
Study type
Research
Study design
Mendelian randomisation study using genetic scores from 14 observational cohorts
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
International
System type
Human clinical
DOI
10.1056/nejmoa1604304
Catalogue ID
BFmor3gaas-scpogy

Topic tags

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