Summary
This comprehensive systematic review synthesises the literature on negative emission technologies (NETs) and their role in climate change mitigation. Using scientometric analysis and qualitative assessment, the authors evaluate the current knowledge base and identify six major findings: whilst 1.5 °C scenarios require large-scale NET deployment, relevant potentials exist for most NET types (except ocean fertilisation); however, a portfolio approach using multiple NETs at modest scales is more realistic than reliance on single technologies. The authors highlight a substantial gap between the rapid, large-scale NET deployment implied in climate scenarios and current progress in innovation and real-world deployment, alongside severe implementation barriers and weak policy incentives.
UK applicability
The findings on NET portfolio approaches, implementation barriers and policy gaps are globally relevant; however, UK-specific applicability would depend on how this review addresses land-use NETs (such as afforestation or soil carbon sequestration) in the British context, which is not evident from the abstract alone.
Key measures
Potential deployment scales of NETs; dependency of warming scenarios on NET scale; innovation and deployment progress relative to scenario projections; implementation barriers and incentives; ethical discourse categories
Outcomes reported
The study synthesised literature on negative emission technologies (NETs), assessed their role in climate mitigation scenarios, and identified biophysical, economic, ethical and implementation barriers. It evaluated the feasibility and scale of deployment of six major NET categories across 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming limit pathways.
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