Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 1 — Meta-analysis / systematic reviewPeer-reviewed

The environmental costs and benefits of high-yield farming

Andrew Balmford, Tatsuya Amano, Harriet Bartlett, D. R. Chadwick, Adrian L. Collins, David P. Edwards, Rob H. Field, P. C. Garnsworthy, Rhys E. Green, Pete Smith, Helen Waters, A. P. Whitmore, Donald M. Broom, Julian Chará, Tom Finch, Emma Garnett, Alfred Gathorne‐Hardy, Juan Hernandez-Medrano, Mario Herrero, Fangyuan Hua, Agnieszka E. Latawiec, T. H. Misselbrook, Ben Phalan, Benno I. Simmons, Taro Takahashi, James Vause, Erasmus K. H. J. zu Ermgassen, Rowan Eisner

Nature Sustainability · 2018

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Summary

This 2018 Nature Sustainability paper by Balmford and colleagues, authored by a large international team, appears to evaluate the environmental trade-offs inherent in high-yield farming systems. The analysis likely synthesises evidence on whether intensive agriculture's efficiency gains in productivity offset or exacerbate environmental costs such as pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and habitat destruction relative to lower-intensity systems. The work suggests context-dependent conclusions: high-yield farming may reduce environmental burden per unit output but may also concentrate environmental damage and reduce biodiversity in farmed landscapes.

UK applicability

The findings are relevant to UK agricultural policy and farm management, particularly as the UK develops post-Brexit subsidy schemes that balance food security, productivity, and environmental goals. The paper's framework could inform evidence-based land-use decisions in UK farming—for instance, whether intensification on suitable land plus wildlife habitat restoration yields better environmental outcomes than uniform extensive farming across all land.

Key measures

Environmental impacts (greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient pollution, water use, habitat loss) per unit of food produced; land-use efficiency; biodiversity effects

Outcomes reported

The study assessed the environmental costs and benefits associated with high-yield farming systems, likely comparing intensive and extensive production models across multiple environmental metrics and geographies.

Theme
Farming systems, soils & land use
Subject
Climate & greenhouse gas mitigation
Study type
Systematic Review
Study design
Systematic review
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
Global
System type
Mixed farming
DOI
10.1038/s41893-018-0138-5
Catalogue ID
BFmovbmhmv-594v80

Topic tags

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