Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

Serosurvey of Avian Influenza Viruses (H5, H7, and H9) and Associated Risk Factors in Backyard Poultry Flocks of Lahore District, Pakistan

Mamoona Chaudhry, Hamad Bin Rashid, Michael Thrusfield, Mark C. Eisler, Susan C. Welburn

Frontiers in Veterinary Science · 2021

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Summary

This cross-sectional serosurvey of backyard poultry in Lahore district, Pakistan (July–August 2009) examined the prevalence of avian influenza virus subtypes H5, H7, and H9 in 210 serum samples from 210 chickens across 35 village clusters. The study found very high overall seroprevalence (65.2%), predominantly driven by H9 (62.0%), and identified purchasing birds from markets or receiving them as gifts as a significant risk factor (5.7-fold increase in seropositivity). The findings underscore the epidemiological importance of rural backyard poultry systems in Pakistan and highlight the need for continuous surveillance to mitigate avian influenza risk.

UK applicability

The findings have limited direct applicability to UK poultry systems, which are predominantly commercial and subject to stricter biosecurity regulations and surveillance protocols. However, the study's emphasis on surveillance methodology and the epidemiological importance of source-related risk factors may inform UK policy regarding imported poultry products and disease monitoring in small-scale or hobby flocks.

Key measures

Seroprevalence of AIV subtypes H5, H7, and H9 (measured by haemagglutination inhibition test); odds ratios for risk factors including bird source and housing system; flock size; purpose of keeping poultry

Outcomes reported

The study determined seroprevalence of avian influenza viruses (H5, H7, and H9) in backyard poultry flocks and identified associated risk factors including source of birds and housing systems. Overall weighted seroprevalence for AIVs was 65.2%, with H9 at 62.0%, H5 at 6.9%, and H7 at 0%.

Theme
Policy, governance & rights
Subject
Animal health & welfare
Study type
Research
Study design
Cross-sectional survey with two-stage cluster sampling
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
Pakistan
System type
Poultry
DOI
10.3389/fvets.2021.631164
Catalogue ID
BFmovi1swh-x5n00n

Topic tags

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