Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

The nutritional quality of cereals varies geospatially in Ethiopia and Malawi

Dawd Gashu, Patson C. Nalivata, Tilahun Amede, E. Louise Ander, Elizabeth H. Bailey, Lester Botoman, Christopher Chagumaira, S. Gameda, Stephan M. Haefele, K. Hailu, Edward J. M. Joy, Alexander Kalimbira, Diriba B. Kumssa, R. M. Lark, I. S. Ligowe, S. P. McGrath, Alice E. Milne, Abdul‐Wahab Mossa, Moses Munthali, Erick K. Towett, Markus Walsh, Lolita Wilson, Scott D. Young, Martin R. Broadley

Nature · 2021

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Summary

This study documents substantial geospatial variation in the micronutrient composition of cereal grains across Ethiopia and Malawi, driven by soil and environmental factors including pH, organic matter, temperature, rainfall and topography. For rural households relying on locally sourced cereals, residence location emerges as a primary determinant of dietary micronutrient intake. The authors argue that surveillance and interventions for micronutrient deficiency should incorporate subnational compositional data, as geographical effects may exceed the impact of standard interventions such as fortification or biofortification.

UK applicability

The findings have limited direct applicability to UK conditions, where food systems are geographically integrated at national and international scales, micronutrient fortification is established, and dietary diversity is typically greater. However, the methodological approach—linking soil and environmental factors to crop micronutrient composition—may inform UK research on nutrient density variation in domestic cereal production and regional food security planning.

Key measures

Grain micronutrient concentrations (calcium, iron, selenium, zinc); soil properties (pH, organic matter); environmental variables (temperature, rainfall, topography); biomarkers of selenium dietary status

Outcomes reported

The study measured calcium, iron, selenium and zinc concentrations in staple cereal grains across most cereal production areas in Ethiopia and Malawi. Geospatial variation in micronutrient composition was documented at subnational scales, with relationships between soil and environmental covariates identified for each micronutrient and crop type.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Crop nutrient density & mineral composition
Study type
Research
Study design
Field survey
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
International
System type
Arable cereals
DOI
10.1038/s41586-021-03559-3
Catalogue ID
BFmovi1txm-yrmu6o

Topic tags

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