Summary
This comprehensive systems analysis, published in Nature by a large international consortium, assessed options for restructuring global food systems to remain within planetary environmental boundaries whilst maintaining nutritional adequacy. The work modelled multiple pathways involving changes to agricultural practices, food waste reduction, and dietary shift, suggesting that no single intervention is sufficient and that coordinated transformation across production and consumption is required by mid-century.
UK applicability
The findings are relevant to UK policy on food security, net-zero targets, and agricultural reform post-Brexit; the modelled dietary recommendations and agricultural efficiency improvements align with emerging UK food strategy frameworks, though the global-scale analysis requires contextualisation for temperate, high-income food systems.
Key measures
Greenhouse gas emissions, land use, freshwater use, nitrogen and phosphorus application rates, dietary patterns, food availability and nutritional adequacy across regions and scenarios
Outcomes reported
The study examined pathways to align global food production and consumption with planetary boundaries on climate, land use, freshwater, and nutrient cycling. It modelled dietary and agricultural scenarios required to feed a growing global population within these environmental limits.
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