Summary
This long-term field study assessed the impacts of biosolids recycling on agricultural soils across four English sites with contrasting soil types and climates, using 20 years of experimental data from plots receiving digested sludge cake applications. Biosolids application resulted in significant increases in soil organic matter (10–17%), available water capacity (up to 10%), and key nutrients (nitrogen +20%, phosphorus +48%, sulphur +30%), alongside approximately doubled earthworm numbers. The findings provide evidence that biosolids recycling is an effective means of maintaining soil fertility and organic matter levels without adverse effects on crop quality.
UK applicability
This study was conducted across four contrasting English sites and directly informs UK agricultural practice and policy regarding sustainable biosolids recycling. The findings support the maintenance of a sustainable agricultural landbank for biosolids application in the United Kingdom.
Key measures
Soil organic matter (SOM) content, light fraction SOM, available water capacity, water infiltration rate, aggregate stability, soil total nitrogen, extractable phosphorus, total sulfur, earthworm populations and biomass, crop quality
Outcomes reported
The study quantified the long-term impacts of 20 years of biosolids application on soil physical, chemical, and biological properties across four contrasting English sites, comparing treated plots with untreated control plots receiving inorganic fertilisers only.
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