Summary
This comprehensive systematic review synthesises the global literature on negative emissions technologies, using scientometric analysis and qualitative assessment to clarify their role in achieving Paris Agreement climate goals. The authors conclude that whilst large-scale NET deployment is essential for 1.5 °C targets, a diverse portfolio of modest-scale technologies is more realistic than single-NET solutions, and substantial gaps remain between scenario assumptions and actual implementation progress. The work identifies severe barriers to NET commercialisation and weak policy incentives, highlighting the urgent need to align science, policy, and ethical discourse with evidence.
UK applicability
The findings are globally relevant but apply to UK climate policy insofar as the UK is committed to net-zero targets by 2050. The review's emphasis on portfolio approaches to NETs and the implementation gap between model projections and real-world deployment may inform UK strategy on negative emissions, though country-specific NET potential assessments would be needed for detailed UK applicability.
Key measures
NET deployment potentials under economic and biophysical constraints; dependency of 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming scenarios on NETs; implementation gaps between modelled scenarios and actual innovation progress; barriers and incentive structures for NET scaling
Outcomes reported
The study synthesised literature on negative emissions technologies (NETs) using scientometric tools and in-depth assessment, clarifying their role in climate mitigation scenarios, ethical implications, and implementation challenges. The research identified six major findings regarding NET deployment requirements, potentials, feasibility, and barriers across different warming scenarios.
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