Summary
This systems modelling study quantifies the potential public health and economic benefits of dietary shifts towards plant-based diets by estimating reductions in ambient air pollution. The authors projected that global adoption of flexitarian, vegetarian, and vegan diets could avert 108,000–236,000 premature deaths annually (3–6% reduction) and generate USD 0.6–1.3 trillion in economic output gains, with particularly pronounced benefits in regions with intensive animal agriculture and high population density.
UK applicability
The United Kingdom, with established intensive livestock production and dense population centres, would likely experience notable air quality and health improvements from dietary shifts, though region-specific modelling would be needed to quantify UK-applicable benefit estimates.
Key measures
Premature mortality reductions (absolute numbers and percentages globally and by region); economic output increase (USD trillion); air pollution reduction from dietary shifts
Outcomes reported
The study estimated reductions in premature mortality and economic gains resulting from shifts towards plant-based diets, using systems modelling to quantify air pollution impacts across regions. Specific outcomes included mortality reductions by region and global economic productivity gains from improved air quality.
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