Summary
Abstract A lternative proteins (APs) are anticipated to offer a practical approach to tackle the growing need for protein while remaining within environmental limits. Different studies have discussed AP sources; however, a systematic comparison of the extraction, modification, analytical techniques, challenges, and their potential solutions for APs has not been conducted together. A comprehensive perspective is provided by this review, which integrates these aspects. Extracting suitable proteins from plants, insects, and mycoprotein sources is challenging and involves various technical interventions, including protein modification, isolation, product processing, and tracking the modified structure. This review article explores multiple sources of APs, extraction processes, and emerging mod
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