Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Peer-reviewed

Biomass Pyrolysis Pathways for Renewable Energy and Sustainable Resource Recovery: A Critical Review of Processes, Parameters, and Product Valorization

N. Ungureanu; V. Vlăduţ; S. Ş. Biriş; N. E. Gheorghiță; M. Ionescu

Sustainability · 2025

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Summary

The increasing demand for renewable energy has intensified research on lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis as a versatile route for sustainable energy and resource recovery. This study provides a comparative overview of main pyrolysis regimes (slow, intermediate, fast, and flash), emphasizing operational parameters, typical product yields, and technological readiness levels (TRLs). Reactor configurations, including fixed-bed, fluidized-bed, rotary kiln, auger, and microwave-assisted systems, are analyzed in terms of design, advantages, limitations, and TRL status. Key process parameters, such as temperature, heating rate, vapor residence time, reaction atmosphere, and catalyst type, critically influence the yields and properties of biochar, bio-oil, and syngas. Increased temperatures and fas

Source type
Peer-reviewed study
DOI
10.3390/su17177806
Catalogue ID
NRmo3d4gae-090
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