Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 4 — Narrative / commentaryPeer-reviewed

Heat matters: role of thermal processing on millet composition, digestibility, bioaccessibility and bioavailability

V. M. Malathi; Rachna Sehrawat; Dibyakanta Seth; M. Pravitha; R. Venkateswarlu; A. Subeesh; Veda Krishnan; C. Satyavathi

European Food Research and Technology · 2025

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Summary

This review, published in European Food Research and Technology, examines the influence of thermal processing techniques — such as boiling, roasting, autoclaving, extrusion and germination-assisted heating — on the nutritional quality of millets. It synthesises evidence on how heat modifies antinutritional factors, macronutrient structure and the consequent digestibility and bioaccessibility of proteins, carbohydrates and micronutrients. The paper is likely to contribute to understanding how processing can be optimised to enhance the nutritional potential of millets as food security crops.

UK applicability

Millets are not staple crops in the UK but are of growing interest as climate-resilient, nutrient-dense alternative grains; findings on processing-induced changes to bioavailability are relevant to UK food manufacturers, dietitians and public health researchers exploring diversified grain-based diets.

Key measures

Nutrient composition (proximate analysis); antinutritional factor concentrations (phytates, tannins, oxalates); protein digestibility (%); starch digestibility (%); mineral bioaccessibility (%); in vitro bioavailability estimates

Outcomes reported

The study examined how various heat-based processing methods alter the proximate composition, antinutritional factors, digestibility, bioaccessibility and bioavailability of nutrients in millet grains. It likely reported changes in protein, starch and mineral fractions alongside measures of in vitro digestibility and nutrient release.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Grain processing & nutrient bioavailability
Study type
Narrative Review
Study design
Narrative review
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
India
System type
Food supply chain
DOI
10.1007/s00217-025-04911-x
Catalogue ID
NRmo3dpodv-00d

Topic tags

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