Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 4 — Narrative / commentaryPeer-reviewed

Definition and diagnostic criteria of clinical obesity.

Rubino F, Cummings DE, Eckel RH, Cohen RV, Wilding JPH, Brown WA, Stanford FC, Batterham RL, Farooqi IS, Farpour-Lambert NJ, le Roux CW, Sattar N, Baur LA, Morrison KM, Misra A, Kadowaki T, Tham KW, Sumithran P, Garvey WT, Kirwan JP, Fernández-Real JM, Corkey BE, Toplak H, Kokkinos A, Kushner RF, Branca F, Valabhji J, Blüher M, Bornstein SR, Grill HJ, Ravussin E, Gregg E, Al Busaidi NB, Alfaris NF, Al Ozairi E, Carlsson LMS, Clément K, Després JP, Dixon JB, Galea G, Kaplan LM, Laferrère B, Laville M, Lim S, Luna Fuentes JR, Mooney VM, Nadglowski J, Urudinachi A, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M, Pan A, Pattou F, Schauer PR, Tschöp MH, van der Merwe MT, Vettor R, Mingrone G.

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol · 2025

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Summary

This Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology commission, authored by a large international expert panel convened under the auspices of Rubino and colleagues, proposes a formal definition and set of diagnostic criteria for clinical obesity. The work likely distinguishes clinical obesity — characterised by measurable impairment of bodily function or organ systems — from preclinical excess adiposity, challenging the sole reliance on BMI thresholds. The paper represents a significant attempt to reframe obesity as a chronic disease with objective clinical criteria, with implications for diagnosis, treatment eligibility, and health policy.

UK applicability

The framework is directly applicable to UK clinical practice and NHS obesity pathways, and is likely to inform NICE guidance updates; UK co-authors (including Batterham RL and Farooqi IS) ensure that UK epidemiological and healthcare contexts are represented within the commission.

Key measures

Diagnostic criteria for clinical obesity; anthropometric measures (e.g. BMI, waist circumference); functional and organ-specific health impairments; disease staging or severity classification

Outcomes reported

The paper proposes and defines formal diagnostic criteria for clinical obesity, distinguishing it from excess adiposity alone. It likely reports on clinical indicators, staging frameworks, and measurable health impairments used to confirm a diagnosis of clinical obesity.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Obesity & metabolic disease
Study type
Guideline
Study design
Guideline
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
International
System type
Human clinical
DOI
10.1016/s2213-8587(24)00316-4
Catalogue ID
NRmo3f02hq-0bl

Topic tags

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