Summary
The sources that have led to the development of plastic residues, microplastics, and macroplastics are plastic mulching, sewage sludge, compost, irrigation with contaminated water, and atmospheric deposition. These residues modify the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of soil, eventually influencing crop yield. Objectives: To determine the impact of plastic residues on soil health and crop productivity through the evaluation of soil properties, microbial activity, and plant growth reactions to different levels of contamination. Methods: Soil and plant samples were taken in agricultural fields classified using the intensity of contamination. Density separation was used to extract microplastic particles, and FTIR and SEM were used to characterize the particles. Physical (bul
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