Summary
Maternal nutrition is a critical determinant of fetal growth and neonatal health. This systematic review aimed to synthesize current evidence on the impact of maternal nutritional intake and interventions—including micronutrient supplementation, protein–energy support, and dietary counseling—on key outcomes such as birth weight, gestational age, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and neonatal morbidity. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2018 and 2024, following the PRISMA framework. Eligible studies included original research assessing maternal diet, nutritional status, or interventions during pregnancy. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 6 cohort studies, 6 randomized controlled tri
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