Association Between Household Income and Fruit-Vegetable Expenditure and the Intake of Vitamins and Minerals in Pontianak City

Summary

This study explores the association between household income, fruit and vegetable expenditure, and the intake of selected micronutrients among urban households in Pontianak City. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 100 households, collecting dietary data on calcium, phosphorus, iron, and vitamins A, B, and C using a 24-hour recall method. Socioeconomic data included monthly income and expenditure on fruits and vegetables. Pearson and Spearman correlation tests assessed the strength and direction of bivariate relationships, while multiple linear regression evaluated the combined effects of income and food expenditure on nutrient intake. Results showed that average household income was Rp 4,382,730, with a mean fruit and vegetable expenditure of Rp 294,880. Vitamin C intake exhibited a