Summary
A BSTRACT Objectives: Vegan diet – the exclusion of all animal products, even eggs and dairy – ranked the most climate-friendly diet, but concerns persist regarding its nutritional adequacy, particularly for omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and iodine. This study compares the nutritional status of fatty acids, vitamin D, and iodine, among Taiwanese vegans, vegetarians, and omnivores. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 45 omnivores, 46 lacto-ovo vegetarians, and 24 vegans. Blood and urine samples were collected to analyze nutritional biomarkers, including erythrocyte fatty a
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