Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

Assessing the carbon footprint of marginal and smallholders farming systems: A typology driven approach

N. Arivukkumar; P. Shanmugam; B. Kannan; C. Sumathi; M. Prahadeeshwaran; S. Sangeetha; G. Raghavi

Plant Science Today · 2024

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Summary

This cross-sectional study of 250 marginal and smallholder farm households in Tamil Nadu, India identified four distinct farm typologies and measured their greenhouse gas emission profiles using the Cool Farm Tool. The research reveals substantially different emission intensities across farm types, with cash and plantation crop systems showing highest emissions from fertiliser inputs and crop residue burning, whilst cereal systems and livestock management practices drive distinct mitigation opportunities. The findings underscore the necessity for farm-typology-specific climate mitigation strategies in smallholder agriculture.

UK applicability

Whilst this study is contextualised to Indian smallholder systems and climatic conditions, the methodological approach of farm typology-driven emission quantification and the identification of farm-specific mitigation leverage points may inform UK policy development for reducing agricultural emissions across heterogeneous farm sizes and enterprises, particularly for mixed and diverse smaller holdings.

Key measures

Greenhouse gas emissions (CO₂, N₂O, CH₄) quantified using the Cool Farm Tool; emissions sources including crop residue burning, fertilizer production and application, enteric fermentation, and manure management

Outcomes reported

The study quantified greenhouse gas emissions across four distinct farm typologies of marginal and smallholder households in Tamil Nadu using the Cool Farm Tool, identifying cash crop and plantation crop-dominated farms as highest emitters. Farm-specific emission profiles revealed that cereal crop-dominated farms had lower emissions, whilst livestock-dominated farms showed higher emissions from enteric fermentation and manure management.

Theme
Climate & resilience
Subject
Climate & greenhouse gas mitigation
Study type
Research
Study design
Cross-sectional observational study with multivariate analysis
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
India
System type
Mixed farming
DOI
10.14719/pst.5213
Catalogue ID
NRmoh0e4lq-00b

Topic tags

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