Summary
Regenerative agriculture (RA) is expanding across the Western Canadian Prairies, but its microbial foundations under climatic constraint remain insufficiently integrated. This review synthesizes evidence from long-term Prairie field experiments, regional and global datasets to evaluate how regenerative management reshapes soil biological processes and agronomic performance across systems. RA practices including no-till, diversified rotations, cover cropping, and organic amendments consistently enhance microbial biomass (up to 40–86%), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal abundance (32–60%), and microbial diversity (≈50%), alongside increases in soil organic carbon (up to 15.6 kg C ha−1 yr−1), aggregate stability (up to 38%), and water retention (up to 30–34%). These biologically mediated improvem
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