Summary
This narrative review synthesises epidemiological and mechanistic evidence establishing dysregulated hepatic lipid and lipoprotein metabolism as a major pathway linking NAFLD to elevated CVD risk. The authors highlight shared aetiological factors (obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes) and characterise the atherogenic dyslipidaemia phenotype common in NAFLD patients. Emerging NASH therapies show promise in simultaneously improving both hepatic pathology and lipid profiles, suggesting potential for CVD risk reduction in this population.
UK applicability
Given the rising prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in the UK adult population, this mechanistic review is relevant to understanding CVD risk stratification and therapeutic prioritisation in patients with hepatic steatosis. Findings may inform clinical guidelines for screening and managing dyslipidaemia in NAFLD populations within UK primary and secondary care.
Key measures
Plasma triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein particle size and density, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, CVD risk markers, hepatic lipid metabolism parameters
Outcomes reported
The review synthesised epidemiological evidence linking non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risk, and examined mechanistic pathways through altered hepatic lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. It evaluated therapeutic strategies for NAFLD and their effects on atherogenic dyslipidaemia and CVD risk reduction.
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