Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Peer-reviewed

Legacy effects cause systematic underestimation of N2O emission factors

Haoyu Qian, Zhengqi Yuan, Nana Chen, Xiangcheng Zhu, Shan Huang, Changying Lu, Kailou Liu, Feng Zhou, Pete Smith, Hanqin Tian, Qiang Xü, Jianwen Zou, Shuwei Liu, Zhenwei Song, Weijian Zhang, Songhan Wang, Zhenghui Liu, Ganghua Li, Ziyin Shang, Yanfeng Ding, Kees Jan van Groenigen, Yu Jiang

Nature Communications · 2025

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Summary

Agricultural soils contribute ~52% of global anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions, predominantly from nitrogen (N) fertilizer use. Global N<sub>2</sub>O emission factors (EFs), estimated using IPCC Tier 1 methodologies, largely rely on short-term field measurements that ignore legacy effects of historic N fertilization. Here we show, through data synthesis and experiments, that EFs increase over time. Historic N addition increases soil N availability, lowers soil pH, and stimulates the abundance of N<sub>2</sub>O producing microorganisms and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in control plots, causing underestimates of EFs in short-term experiments. Accounting for this legacy effect, we estimate that global EFs and annual fertilizer-induced N<sub>2</sub>O emissions of cropland are

Source type
Peer-reviewed study
DOI
10.1038/s41467-025-58090-0
Catalogue ID
SNmoht1wfu-17aady
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