Summary
Severe ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) pollution has been a major air quality issue and affects environmental sustainability in China. Conventional mitigation strategies focusing on reducing volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides (NO<sub><i>x</i></sub>) remain complex and challenging. Here, through field flux measurements and laboratory simulations, we observe substantial nitrous acid (HONO) emissions (<i>F</i><sub>HONO</sub>) enhanced by nitrogen fertilizer application at an agricultural site. The observed <i>F</i><sub>HONO</sub> significantly improves model performance in predicting atmospheric HONO and leads to regional O<sub>3</sub> increases by 37%. We also demonstrate the significant potential of nitrification inhibitors in reducing emissions of reactive nitrogen, including HONO and NO
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