Summary
MicroRNAs can exhibit opposite functions in different tumors. MiR-31 is a representative example as it can not only enhance tumor development and progression in pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer and so on, but also inhibit tumorigenesis and induce apoptosis in ovarian cancer, prostate cancer and etc. The mechanism underlying its' pleiotropy remains unknown. Several recent studies that focused on the global gene expression changes caused by aberrant miR-31 provided information on the upstream and downstream events associated with deregulated miR-31. MiR-31 might interact with a number of signaling pathways including RAS/MARK, PI3K/AKT and RB/E2F to play its opposite functions. This review summarizes the target genes and pathways associated with miR-31 and examines the mechanisms underlyi
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