Summary
Understanding the long-term evolution of soil carbon pools and dissolved organic matter (DOM) is crucial for evaluating carbon cycling and soil fertility in paddy ecosystems. This study investigated the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and DOM optical characteristics across an 8–63-year rice cultivation chronosequence in the western Jilin irrigation district of northeastern China. Soil samples were collected from five depth intervals (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40, and 40–50 cm) to assess physicochemical properties, ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) absorption, and three-dimensional excitation–emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence features. The results showed that long-term rice cultivation reduced soil salinity and alkalinity while significantly increasing SOC and
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