Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 1 — Meta-analysis / systematic reviewPeer-reviewed

Antidepressants for smoking cessation

Anisa Hajizadeh, Seth Howes, Annika Theodoulou, Elias M. Klemperer, Jamie Hartmann‐Boyce, Jonathan Livingstone‐Banks, Nicola Lindson

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2023

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Summary

This Cochrane systematic review synthesises evidence from randomised controlled trials examining the efficacy and safety of antidepressant medications for tobacco smoking cessation. The review searched trials comparing antidepressants with placebo, no pharmacological treatment, alternative pharmacotherapies, or the same medication used differently, with primary outcome measurement at ≥6 months follow-up. Findings on efficacy appear limited and subject to imprecision, with sparse and inconsistent evidence regarding whether antidepressants (particularly bupropion and nortriptyline) offer particular benefit for smokers with current or previous depression.

Regional applicability

The findings are relevant to UK smoking cessation practice and prescribing guidance, as antidepressants are used within UK NHS services for this indication. However, the review's conclusion of limited and inconsistent evidence suggests caution in promoting antidepressants as a preferred cessation strategy compared to established interventions such as nicotine replacement therapy or varenicline.

Key measures

Smoking cessation rates at ≥6 months follow-up (biochemically validated where available); adverse events; serious adverse events; psychiatric adverse events; seizures; overdoses; suicide attempts; death by suicide; all-cause mortality; trial dropouts due to treatment

Outcomes reported

The study assessed the efficacy of antidepressant medications for long-term smoking cessation (abstinence after at least six months' follow-up) and examined harms including adverse events, serious adverse events, psychiatric complications, seizures, and all-cause mortality.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Dietary patterns & chronic disease
Study type
Systematic Review
Study design
Systematic review and meta-analysis
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
International
System type
Human clinical
DOI
10.1002/14651858.cd000031.pub6
Catalogue ID
SNmoj1y6vn-igkwm3

Topic tags

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