Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 1 — Meta-analysis / systematic reviewPeer-reviewed

Biodiversity in mountain soils above the treeline

Nadine Praeg, Michael Steinwandter, Davnah Urbach, Mark A. Snethlage, Rodrigo Paidano Alves, M. E. Apple, Peter Othmar Bilovitz, Andrea J. Britton, Estelle P. Bruni, Ting‐Wen Chen, Kenneth Dumack, Fernando Fernández‐Mendoza, Michele Freppaz, Beat Frey, Nathalie Fromin, Stefan Geisen, Martín Grube, Elia Guariento, Antoine Guisan, Qiao‐Qiao Ji, Juan J. Jiménez, Stefanie Maier, Lucie Malard, Maria A. Minor, Cowan C. Mc Lean, Edward A. D. Mitchell, Thomas Peham, Roberto Pizzolotto, Andy F. S. Taylor, Philippe Vernon, Johan van Tol, Donghui Wu, Yunga Wu, Zhijing Xie, Bettina Weber, Paul Illmer, Julia Seeber

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2025

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Summary

This global systematic review synthesises nearly 1400 publications on soil biodiversity in alpine ecosystems above the treeline, integrating expertise from 37 mountain soil scientists. The authors document distinct elevation-dependent patterns for different soil organism groups—faunal diversity decreases with elevation, cryptogams show initial increases then decline, and prokaryotes show variable responses—whilst identifying significant geographic and taxonomic gaps in current research. The findings confirm elevation as a key driver of soil biodiversity distribution in mountain environments, though emphasise the limited ecological understanding of uncultivated microbiota and protists.

UK applicability

The findings are directly relevant to UK upland and mountain regions (Scottish Highlands, Lake District, Pennines, Welsh mountains), where similar elevation-dependent soil biodiversity patterns and ecosystem functions are likely to operate. Understanding alpine soil communities may inform UK peatland, moorland, and mountain grassland management and conservation policies.

Key measures

Diversity and distribution patterns of cryptogams, microorganisms (prokaryotes, fungi, protists), and fauna along elevation gradients; identification of research hotspots and taxonomic coverage gaps

Outcomes reported

The study synthesised patterns of cryptogam, microorganism, and faunal diversity in mountain soils above the treeline, documenting elevation-dependent changes and identifying research hotspots and taxonomic gaps. Key findings include elevation-dependent decreases in faunal diversity, initial increases in cryptogam diversity above the treeline followed by decreases toward the nival belt, and variable prokaryote responses to elevation.

Theme
Farming systems, soils & land use
Subject
Soil biology & microbiology
Study type
Systematic Review
Study design
Systematic review
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
Global
System type
Pasture-based livestock
DOI
10.1111/brv.70028
Catalogue ID
SNmojuou0z-7j76uq

Topic tags

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