Summary
This field study examines whether intercropping enhances photosynthetic capacity in maize, a crop frequently used in intercropping systems. The authors measured leaf photosynthesis and associated traits in relay strip intercrops of maize with spring wheat or faba bean, finding that shading and reduced leaf nitrogen during the companion crop growth phase significantly decreased maize leaf photosynthetic capacity. The yield advantages observed in relay intercrops with maize were not attributable to enhanced leaf photosynthetic capacity, suggesting that yield gains operate through alternative mechanisms such as improved temporal resource use or reduced competition after companion crop removal.
UK applicability
These findings are relevant to UK arable farming systems considering intercropping or relay cropping as a means to improve sustainability and yield stability. The results suggest that the timing of companion crop removal and nitrogen management are critical factors for maintaining maize photosynthetic function in intercropped systems, informing agronomic decisions about spacing, sowing date, and nutrient application in mixed cropping systems adapted to UK conditions.
Key measures
Leaf photosynthetic capacity (A1800), specific leaf area (SLA), specific leaf nitrogen (SLN), leaf nitrogen concentration, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) distribution, leaf traits across canopy layers and growth stages
Outcomes reported
The study measured leaf photosynthetic capacity (A1800), specific leaf area (SLA), specific leaf nitrogen (SLN), leaf nitrogen concentration, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) distribution in maize grown in relay strip intercrops with wheat or faba bean compared to sole maize. Results showed that intercropping reduced maize leaf photosynthetic capacity during vegetative growth but did not increase it after companion crop harvest despite greater light availability.
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