Summary
Root phenotypes play profoundly important roles supporting plant growth and their adaptive responses to myriad environmental stresses. For example, architecture-scale traits such as root angle can have a major impact on foraging efficiency for immobile and mobile soil nutrients such as phosphate and nitrate, respectively (Schneider et al., 2022). Increasing evidence supports the importance of anatomical-scale traits, such as root hair length and xylem size, conferring abiotic stress tolerance in crops (Cai et al., 2022; Kohli et al., 2022; Cornelis & Ora, 2022), whilst major steps are being made to dissect molecular-scale adaptive mechanisms, such as ways roots detoxify metals and metalloids (Kirk et al., 2022; Podar & Maathuis, 2022). Knowledge of these root phenotypes and their underlyin
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