Succession characteristics and assembly process of soil microbiome at reclaimed farmlands in coal mining area

Summary

< 0.05). (2) Rising bacterial diversity (Shannon, Chao1) over time, contrasting with fungal diversity that declined initially before recovering. (3) As the reclamation progressed, the network complexity was increased for both bacteria and fungi, improving stability. The number of bacterial keystone taxa was first increased and then decreased, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) being the dominant keystone phylum. Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Acidobacteria exhibited rapid temporal responses. The fungal keystone taxa increased progressively, with Ascomycota as the dominant keystone phylum, while Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota responded rapidly. (4) Enhanced bacterial functional potential (chemoheterotrophy, aerobic chemoheterotrophy, nitrification) and fungal saprotrophic capacit