Summary
This perspective paper synthesises current knowledge on soil pollution across the European Union, highlighting that pollution remains poorly quantified owing to inconsistent monitoring methodologies, variable quantification approaches focused on pseudototal rather than bioavailable pollutant fractions, and historically limited funding. The authors identify significant knowledge gaps and propose that investment in research, innovation, and harmonised European monitoring systems—including a dedicated Soil Monitoring Law—are essential to develop evidence-based policies and achieve healthy soils by 2050.
UK applicability
The UK's soil monitoring frameworks and pollution assessment methodologies will be affected by EU-level harmonisation efforts and any post-Brexit adoption of comparable standards. The findings on knowledge gaps and the case for dedicated soil legislation may inform UK soil policy development under the Environment Act and agricultural transition schemes.
Key measures
Systematic assessment of soil pollution knowledge at EU scale; evaluation of monitoring methodologies across Member States; identification of knowledge gaps; review of EU legislation addressing soil pollution
Outcomes reported
The paper compiles updated EU-scale assessments of soil pollution, identifies key drivers and impacts on health and environment, and evaluates current knowledge gaps and uncertainties. It evaluates existing EU legislation on soil pollution and proposes policy solutions including a European monitoring system and new Soil Monitoring Law.
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