Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 4 — Narrative / commentaryPeer-reviewed

Meat consumption, health, and the environment

H. Charles J. Godfray, Paul Aveyard, Tara Garnett, Jim W. Hall, Timothy J. Key, Jamie Lorimer, Raymond T. Pierrehumbert, Peter Scarborough, Marco Springmann, Susan A. Jebb

Science · 2018

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Summary

This narrative review synthesises evidence on the escalating global trend of meat consumption driven by rising incomes and population growth, examining its dual impacts on human health and environmental sustainability. The authors explore the health trade-offs—noting that whilst meat provides concentrated nutrition for low-income populations, increased consumption elevates risks of chronic diseases including colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease—alongside substantial environmental costs from land and water use. The paper emphasises the need for integrated natural and social science approaches to develop effective policies addressing meat consumption patterns.

UK applicability

The findings are broadly applicable to UK policy and public health contexts, where meat consumption and related chronic disease burdens are significant. However, the review's global scope means specific recommendations would require contextualisation to UK dietary patterns, agricultural systems, and policy levers.

Key measures

Global per capita meat consumption trends; health risks associated with meat consumption; environmental impacts of livestock production; policy intervention effectiveness

Outcomes reported

The paper reviews evidence on rising global meat consumption patterns, their health effects (including increased risk of colorectal cancer and cardiovascular disease), and major environmental consequences for land, water use, and climate. It examines policy interventions and social factors influencing meat consumption habits.

Theme
Policy, governance & rights
Subject
Food & agricultural policy
Study type
Narrative Review
Study design
Narrative review
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
Global
System type
Food supply chain
DOI
10.1126/science.aam5324
Catalogue ID
SNmokbvv4w-q5xzbn

Topic tags

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