Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 4 — Narrative / commentaryPeer-reviewed

Toward healthy and sustainable diets for the 21st century: Importance of sociocultural and economic considerations

Sander Biesbroek, Frans J. Kok, Adele Tufford, Martin W. Bloem, Nicole Darmon, Adam Drewnowski, Shenggen Fan, Jessica Fanzo, Line Gordon, Frank B. Hu, Liisa Lähteenmäki, Ngozi Nnam, Bradley G. Ridoutt, Juan Á. Rivera, Boyd Swinburn, Pieter van’t Veer

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 2023

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Summary

This narrative review, authored by leading food systems and nutrition researchers, synthesises evidence four years after the EAT-Lancet Commission report to argue that advancing healthy, sustainable diets requires addressing fundamental tensions between local dietary identity and global planetary boundaries. The authors contend that food system transformation cannot rely on consumer behaviour change alone, but demands interdisciplinary science engagement with policymakers and reframing of the economic incentive structure from price/convenience/taste to health/sustainability/equity. The paper calls for a government-led social contract to redistribute power among food system actors and internalise environmental and health costs currently treated as externalities.

UK applicability

The framework is directly relevant to UK food policy, particularly regarding the alignment of the National Food Strategy, food security objectives, and net-zero commitments with dietary guidance. The emphasis on multi-stakeholder governance and regulatory rebalancing applies to ongoing UK debates around food labelling, procurement standards, and agricultural subsidy reform post-Brexit.

Key measures

Conceptual framework addressing biophysical (health, environment) and social dimensions (culture, economy) of dietary transformation; identification of food system actor accountability across micro to macro levels

Outcomes reported

The paper examines the tension between local dietary habits and global health/sustainability imperatives, and identifies barriers to food system transformation at multiple scales. It argues for a new social contract led by governments to rebalance economic and regulatory power in food systems.

Theme
Policy, governance & rights
Subject
Food & agricultural policy
Study type
Narrative Review
Study design
Narrative review
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
Global
System type
Food supply chain
DOI
10.1073/pnas.2219272120
Catalogue ID
SNmokbvvl5-brfq50

Topic tags

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