Summary
CAMELS-BR extends the established CAMELS framework to Brazil, providing a standardised, open-access hydrological dataset for 897 catchments that enables large-sample studies across tropical and Amazonian regions. By harmonising data products and following international CAMELS standards, the dataset facilitates comparative analysis with catchments globally whilst quantifying key uncertainties in precipitation and evapotranspiration. The dataset is designed to support research on hydrological drivers, extreme events, and the impacts of climate change and human water consumption on Brazilian water resources.
UK applicability
This dataset is not directly applicable to UK hydrological research, as it focuses exclusively on Brazilian catchments. However, the methodological approach—standardised attribute extraction, uncertainty quantification, and integration with the CAMELS framework—provides a replicable model that could inform enhancements to existing UK hydrological datasets or support comparative international water resource studies.
Key measures
Daily streamflow observations; precipitation, evapotranspiration, and temperature time series; 65 catchment attributes (topographic, climatic, hydrologic, land cover, geologic, soil); water consumption estimates; data quality indicators
Outcomes reported
The study presents CAMELS-BR, a comprehensive open-access hydrological dataset comprising daily streamflow observations from 3679 gauges across 897 Brazilian catchments, alongside meteorological forcing data and 65 landscape attributes. The dataset characterises topographic, climatic, hydrologic, land cover, geologic, soil, and human intervention variables, with quantified uncertainties for precipitation and evapotranspiration.
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