Molecular Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Fungi Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum using the Species-Specific PCR Based Molecular Markers

Summary

This study establishes validated molecular and morphological methods for identifying Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum isolates from apple crops. Using species-specific PCR markers coupled with detailed micromorphological characterisation on 126 fungal isolates, the authors achieved strong concordance between molecular and traditional identification approaches. The work provides a genetic resource and methodological foundation for future functional screening of these fungi as potential biofertilisers whilst monitoring their pathogenic risk in postharvest contexts.

Regional applicability

Apple production is significant in the United Kingdom, but this Turkish study's direct applicability depends on whether UK-sourced isolates of these species exhibit similar morphological and genetic characteristics. The molecular markers and protocols may transfer readily, though validation with British apple-associated populations would strengthen evidence for local use in biofertiliser development programmes.

Key measures

PCR product size and frequency (404 bp for P. expansum, 197 bp for A. niger); morphological traits (colony growth rate, colour, texture, spore morphology); concordance between molecular and morphological identification methods

Outcomes reported

The study validated species-specific PCR markers and morphological characteristics to reliably distinguish between Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum isolates from apple-associated populations. PCR amplification achieved 96.93% concordance for P. expansum (95/98 isolates) and 85.71% for A. niger (24/28 isolates) with morphological identification.

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