Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

Cover crop performance under a changing climate in continuous corn system over Nebraska

Girma Birru, Andualem Shiferaw, Tsegaye Tadesse, Brian Wardlow, Virginia L. Jin, Marty R. Schmer, Tala Awada, Tulsi P. Kharel, Javad Iqbal

Journal of Environmental Quality · 2023

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Summary

This long-term simulation study evaluated cereal rye as a cover crop in continuous corn systems under both historical and projected climate conditions in Nebraska. The research found that whilst cover crops did not significantly affect corn yield, they reduced nitrogen leaching by approximately 60% historically and provided benefits for soil organic carbon buildup, water infiltration, and surface runoff reduction. The findings suggest cover crops may become more effective under future climate scenarios characterised by increased temperature and precipitation variability, though the authors note that wider geographical and species-specific evaluation is warranted.

UK applicability

The UK's cooler, wetter climate and different crop rotations limit direct applicability; however, the methodology and insights regarding nitrogen retention benefits of cover crops in cereal systems may be relevant to UK temperate arable farming. Future climate projections for the UK warrant similar simulation studies to assess cover crop performance under moisture and temperature scenarios specific to British conditions.

Key measures

Corn yield, nitrogen leaching, soil water profile (0–140 cm depth), plant-available water, soil organic carbon accumulation rate, surface runoff, soil evaporation, cover crop biomass

Outcomes reported

The study assessed the effects of fall-planted cereal rye cover crop on no-till continuous corn yield, soil water dynamics, nitrogen leaching, and soil organic carbon accumulation under historical (1991–2020) and projected future climate scenarios (2041–2070) in eastern Nebraska.

Theme
Climate & resilience
Subject
Climate & greenhouse gas mitigation
Study type
Research
Study design
Simulation modelling study
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
United States
System type
Arable cereals
DOI
10.1002/jeq2.20526
Catalogue ID
SNmoqqscsj-mbcm6l

Topic tags

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