Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 1 — Meta-analysis / systematic reviewPeer-reviewed

Synergistic effects of multiple “good agricultural practices” for promoting organic carbon in soils: A systematic review of long-term experiments

Raül López i Losada, Katarina Hedlund, Neal Haddaway, Ullrika Sahlin, Louise E. Jackson, Thomas Kätterer, Emanuele Lugato, Helene Bracht Jørgensen, Per‐Erik Isberg

AMBIO · 2025

Read source ↗ All evidence

Summary

This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesised time-series SOC data from 23 long-term agricultural experiments across temperate and cold regions to evaluate the efficacy of good agricultural practices on soil carbon dynamics. Although SOC generally declined in conventional arable systems, the authors found that reducing tillage, adding organic amendments, diversifying crop rotations, and avoiding bare fallows individually reduced losses; critically, applying all four interventions together achieved net SOC accumulation. The findings suggest that strategic combination of agronomic practices can transform farmland into a carbon sink whilst maintaining agricultural productivity.

UK applicability

The evidence base includes experiments from temperate regions comparable to UK climatic conditions. The four-practice bundle is directly applicable to UK arable policy and practice, potentially supporting net-zero and soil health commitments, though site-specific validation across diverse UK soil types and cropping systems would strengthen adoption evidence.

Key measures

Soil organic carbon content (%) in the upper 30 cm soil layer; absolute SOC changes over time under different management regimes

Outcomes reported

The study quantified absolute changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) in the upper 30 cm across 214 time series from 23 long-term agricultural experiments in temperate to cold regions. It evaluated the effectiveness of four management interventions—reduced tillage, organic amendments, crop rotation diversification, and avoidance of bare fallows—on SOC preservation and accumulation.

Theme
Farming systems, soils & land use
Subject
Soil carbon & organic matter
Study type
Systematic Review
Study design
Systematic review and meta-analysis
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
Europe
System type
Arable cereals
DOI
10.1007/s13280-025-02188-8
Catalogue ID
SNmoqqscsj-tifom8

Topic tags

Pulse AI · ask about this record

Dig deeper with Pulse AI.

Pulse AI has read the whole catalogue. Ask about this record, its theme, or how the findings apply to UK farming and policy — every answer cites the underlying studies.