Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

Cover crop can offset negative effects of corn silage harvest on soils in a corn silage–soybean rotation

Sabrina J. Ruis, Peter O'Brien, Cecilia Crespo, T. C. Kaspar, John L. Kovar

Soil Science Society of America Journal · 2026

Read source ↗ All evidence

Summary

This 21-year field experiment in the US Midwest demonstrates that winter rye cover crops following corn silage harvest substantially restore soil health indicators—including microbial biomass, carbon and nitrogen stocks, and aggregation—to levels comparable with corn grain harvesting systems in no-till rotations. Without cover crops, corn silage harvest significantly degraded soil biological and organic matter properties compared to grain harvest; the cover crop practice negated these negative effects without reducing crop yields, offering a practical mitigation strategy for livestock-integrated farming systems.

UK applicability

The findings are applicable to UK mixed farming systems with winter rye already used as a cover crop in arable rotations, though UK Mollisols differ from US Midwest soils and local rotations may vary. The demonstrated compatibility of cover crops with no-till silage systems and crop yields aligns with UK sustainable farming policy objectives, though regional validation would strengthen transferability.

Key measures

Soil microbial biomass and activity, labile and total carbon and nitrogen concentrations, soil aggregation, crop yields, soil properties at multiple depths

Outcomes reported

The study measured soil biological, chemical, and physical health indicators over 21 years in a no-till corn–soybean rotation, comparing winter rye cover crop adoption following corn silage harvest against silage harvest without cover crops and corn grain harvest systems.

Theme
Farming systems, soils & land use
Subject
Arable cropping systems
Study type
Research
Study design
Field trial
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
United States
System type
Mixed farming
DOI
10.1002/saj2.70211
Catalogue ID
SNmov0ffjn-xuskrk

Topic tags

Pulse AI · ask about this record

Dig deeper with Pulse AI.

Pulse AI has read the whole catalogue. Ask about this record, its theme, or how the findings apply to UK farming and policy — every answer cites the underlying studies.