Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 1 — Meta-analysis / systematic reviewPeer-reviewed

Soil Carbon Saturation: What Do We Really Know?

Katerina Georgiou, Denis A. Angers, Ryan E. Champiny, M. Francesca Cotrufo, Matthew E. Craig, Sebastian Döetterl, A. Stuart Grandy, Jocelyn M. Lavallee, Yang Lin, Emanuele Lugato, Christopher Poeplau, Katherine S. Rocci, Steffen A. Schweizer, Johan Six, William R. Wieder

Global Change Biology · 2025

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Summary

This systematic review synthesises 25+ years of research on soil carbon saturation—the concept that soils have finite maximum capacity for storing organic carbon, particularly within organo-mineral complexes. The authors clarify terminology, summarise micro- and macro-scale mechanisms, review quantification methods, and critically assess whether saturation principles are useful for predicting carbon sequestration potential, loss vulnerability, and computational modelling. The review identifies persistent misconceptions and knowledge gaps, proposing research priorities to improve mechanistic understanding for informing soil management strategies.

UK applicability

UK soils vary widely in their mineral composition and existing carbon stocks, making saturation-informed prioritisation potentially valuable for targeting carbon sequestration efforts. Understanding local saturation thresholds could help UK farmers and land managers identify realistic carbon accumulation potential and inform policy for nature recovery and climate adaptation.

Key measures

Soil carbon saturation capacity; organo-mineral associations; reactive mineral content; carbon accumulation potential; carbon vulnerability; process-based model representations

Outcomes reported

The study synthesises conceptual understanding of soil carbon saturation at micro- and macro-scales, reviews methods for quantifying saturation, and evaluates the utility of saturation principles for predicting carbon accumulation, vulnerability to loss, and process-based model representations. The authors identify key knowledge gaps and propose next steps for understanding soil carbon saturation and its implications for soil management.

Theme
Farming systems, soils & land use
Subject
Soil carbon & organic matter
Study type
Systematic Review
Study design
Systematic review
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
Global
System type
Other
DOI
10.1111/gcb.70197
Catalogue ID
SNmov5jivw-9nifrf

Topic tags

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