Summary
Long-term field experiments were established in 1969 at the gleyic fluvisol to assess the effects of soil management on soil organic matter and glomalin-related soil proteins. Two systems were studied: Hordeum vulgare L. monoculture (spring barley monoculture, SBM) and Norfolk crop rotation (NCR) consisting of the following crops: Trifolium or Medicago spp. (clover/alfalfa), Triticum aestivum L . (winter wheat), Zea mays L. (maize), and Hordeum vulgare L. (spring barley). Experimental factors included: i) tillage-ploughing (PL, 22 cm) vs . chiselling (CC, 12–14 cm); ii) straw management-straw removed (SR) vs . straw incorporated (SI; only in SBM); iii) soil sampling depths-0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm. Treatments were arranged as split-strip plots with four replications. Chisel cultivat
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