Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 1 — Meta-analysis / systematic reviewPeer-reviewedOrganic

Composition differences between organic and conventional meat: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Dominika Średnicka-Tober, Marcin Barański, Chris Seal, Roy Sanderson, Charles Benbrook, Håvard Steinshamn, Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska, Ewa Rembiałkowska, Krystyna Skwarło-Sońta, Mick Eyre, Giulio Cozzi, Mette Krogh Larsen, Teresa Jordon, Urs Niggli, Tomasz Sakowski, Philip C. Calder, Graham C. Burdge, Smaragda Sotiraki, Alexandros Stefanakis, Halil Yolcu, Sokratis Stergiadis, Eleni Chatzidimitriou, Gillian Butler, Gavin Stewart, Carlo Leifert

British Journal of Nutrition · 2016

Read source ↗ All evidence

Summary

This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesises peer-reviewed evidence from sixty-seven published studies on compositional differences between organic and conventionally produced meat. The study found that organic meat contains significantly higher concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids (47% higher) and total PUFA (23% higher), plausibly attributable to greater access to pasture and forage-based diets in organic production systems. Concentrations of SFA and MUFA were similar or slightly lower in organic meat. The findings provide a quantitative evidence base for understanding how production systems affect meat nutrient density, though heterogeneity across studies and animal species was high. Evidence from controlled experimental studies indicates that high grazing/forage-based diets prescribed under organic farming standards may be the main reason for differences in fatty acid profiles.

Regional applicability

The review draws on international literature but is directly relevant to UK conditions, where organic meat standards require pasture access and forage-based feeding, practices that are broadly consistent with the production systems associated with improved fatty acid profiles identified in this analysis. The findings are pertinent to UK dietary guidance discussions and organic certification policy.

Key measures

Fatty acid composition (g/100g fat); omega-3 fatty acid concentration; omega-6:omega-3 ratio; conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content; antioxidant concentrations (e.g. vitamin E, carotenoids); SFA and MUFA concentrations; total PUFA

Outcomes reported

The study compared fatty acid profiles, antioxidant concentrations, and other nutritional constituents in organic versus conventional meat. It quantified differences in omega-3 fatty acids (47% higher in organic), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), total PUFA (23% higher in organic), and saturated fat content across meat types, based on analysis of sixty-seven published studies.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Phytochemicals & bioactive compounds
Study type
Meta-analysis
Study design
Systematic review and meta-analysis
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
International
System type
Mixed farming
DOI
10.1017/s0007114515005073
Catalogue ID
XL0023

Topic tags

Pulse AI · ask about this record

Dig deeper with Pulse AI.

Pulse AI has read the whole catalogue. Ask about this record, its theme, or how the findings apply to UK farming and policy — every answer cites the underlying studies.