Summary
This extended review chapter, published in Advances in Agronomy (volume 139, pp. 63–136), provides a comprehensive synthesis of the scientific literature on soil biological processes as they operate within organic farming systems. It likely covers the effects of organic inputs, reduced tillage, and the absence of synthetic agrochemicals on soil microbial communities, earthworm populations, and other soil fauna. The chapter situates these biological mechanisms within the broader context of soil fertility management and the sustainability of organic production.
UK applicability
The review draws on international literature but is directly relevant to UK organic farming practice, particularly given the prominence of organisations such as the Organic Research Centre and ongoing UK interest in agro-ecological approaches to soil health management. Findings on microbial diversity and nutrient cycling are broadly applicable to UK temperate soil conditions.
Key measures
Microbial biomass; microbial diversity indices; soil fauna abundance and diversity; enzyme activity; nutrient cycling rates; organic matter decomposition
Outcomes reported
The review examines how organic farming practices influence soil biological activity, microbial communities, fauna, and nutrient cycling processes compared with conventional systems. It likely synthesises evidence on the functional roles of soil organisms in supporting fertility, disease suppression, and ecosystem services under organic management.
Topic tags
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