Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

Protective and pathogenic antibody responses from a primate <i>Shigella</i> outbreak inform vaccine design

Robert M. Gallant, Paul Savarino, Sophia Pulido, Morgan S. A. Gilman, Ti Lu, Jennifer M. Hayes, Nicholas L. Xerri, Tyrone Williams, Marîa Teresa Ochoa, Zackary K. Dietz, Eric Peterson, Timothy A. Scott, Faye A. Hartmann, Stephen Baker, Robert W. Kaminski, Devin Sok, Andrew C. Kruse, Wendy L. Picking, Saverio Capuano, Hayden R. Schmidt

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 2025

Read source ↗ All evidence

Summary

This laboratory study characterises protective and pathogenic antibody responses elicited during a natural Shigella flexneri outbreak in non-human primates, with particular focus on O-antigen cross-reactivity and type III secretion system (T3SS) protein immunogenicity. The authors demonstrate that whilst O-antigen-targeting antibodies can undergo significant affinity maturation to achieve broad serotype cross-reactivity, T3SS-targeting antibodies exhibit epitope-dependent functional outcomes, with some epitopes enhancing rather than inhibiting bacterial virulence. These findings provide structural and immunological insights intended to guide rational design of future Shigella vaccines.

UK applicability

Shigella remains a public health concern in the United Kingdom, particularly among vulnerable populations and those with travel history. The vaccine design principles derived from this study could inform UK and European vaccine development priorities, though direct applicability depends on subsequent clinical translation and licensure pathways.

Key measures

Monoclonal antibody affinity maturation (>10% cross-reactivity across S. flexneri serotypes); T cell and antibody response magnitude to T3SS proteins (IpaD, IpaB); epitope-dependent enhancement or inhibition of bacterial virulence in vitro and in vivo

Outcomes reported

The study isolated monoclonal antibodies against Shigella vaccine candidate antigens from samples collected during a Shigella flexneri outbreak in a non-human primate research facility, and characterised their binding specificity, affinity maturation, and functional effects on bacterial virulence.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Antimicrobial resistance
Study type
Research
Study design
Laboratory study with in vitro and in vivo validation
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Preprint
Geography
United States
System type
Laboratory / in vitro
DOI
10.64898/2025.12.16.694763
Catalogue ID
BFmor3fzev-d2fj12

Topic tags

Pulse AI · ask about this record

Dig deeper with Pulse AI.

Pulse AI has read the whole catalogue. Ask about this record, its theme, or how the findings apply to UK farming and policy — every answer cites the underlying studies.