Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPreprint

Massively parallel characterization and deep learning of enhancers in plant genomes

Jores, T.; Mueth, N. A.; Gorjifard, S.; Triesch, S.; Schirmer, D.; Tonnies, J.; Bubb, K. L.; Cuperus, J. T.; Fields, S.; Queitsch, C.

bioRxiv · 2026

Read source ↗ All evidence

Summary

Enhancers coordinate gene expression in response to developmental and environmental cues. Because plant enhancers lack the readily detectable molecular hallmarks of animal enhancers, their systematic functional characterization has yet to be accomplished. Here, we characterize the species- and condition-specific enhancer activity of over 350,000 sequences derived from accessible chromatin regions of the Arabidopsis, tomato, maize, and sorghum genomes. Enabled by the massive scale of the data, we developed plantGREP, a deep learning model that predicts enhancer strength and identifies the underlying functional sequence motifs. We apply plantGREP to evolve strong constitutive as well as species- and condition-specific enhancers, and to locate regions with enhancer activity upstream of developmental genes in crop genomes. These results should facilitate the targeted editing of enhancers in crop genomes and the design of cell-type-specific plant enhancers.

Outcomes reported

Enhancers coordinate gene expression in response to developmental and environmental cues. Because plant enhancers lack the readily detectable molecular hallmarks of animal enhancers, their systematic functional characterization has yet to be accomplished. Here, we characterize the species- and condition-specific enhancer activity of over 350,000 sequences derived from accessible chromatin regions of the Arabidopsis, tomato, maize, and sorghum genomes. Enabled by the massive scale of the data, we developed plantGREP, a deep learning model that predicts enhancer strength and identifies the underlying functional sequence motifs. We apply plantGREP to evolve strong constitutive as well as species- and condition-specific enhancers, and to locate regions with enhancer activity upstream of developmental genes in crop genomes. These results should facilitate the targeted editing of enhancers in crop genomes and the design of cell-type-specific plant enhancers.

Theme
Farming systems, soils & land use
Subject
Fruit & vegetables
Study type
Research
Source type
Preprint
Status
Preprint
Geography
United Kingdom
System type
Other
DOI
10.64898/2026.04.26.720828
Catalogue ID
IRmoum34h4-1b653b
Pulse AI · ask about this record

Dig deeper with Pulse AI.

Pulse AI has read the whole catalogue. Ask about this record, its theme, or how the findings apply to UK farming and policy — every answer cites the underlying studies.