Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 1 — Meta-analysis / systematic reviewPeer-reviewed

Spirulina supplementation effects on small ruminants performance and product attributes: a meta-analysis

Frediansyah Firdaus; Tanda Panjaitan; Malik Makmur; Bayu Andri Atmoko; Yudi Adinata; N. Krishna; Retno Widiyawati

Animal Bioscience · 2025

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Summary

This meta-analysis synthesises findings from peer-reviewed trials on the use of spirulina (Arthrospira spp.) as a dietary supplement in small ruminants, evaluating its impact on productive performance and the nutritional or sensory attributes of derived products. By pooling data across heterogeneous studies, the paper provides quantitative estimates of spirulina's efficacy as a feed additive for sheep and goats. The authors likely identify conditions under which supplementation is most beneficial, along with optimal inclusion rates, though effect magnitudes and confidence intervals should be interpreted with regard to between-study variability.

UK applicability

The findings are broadly applicable to UK small ruminant producers — particularly sheep farmers — who may consider algae-based feed supplements as part of sustainable nutrition strategies; however, adoption would depend on spirulina's commercial availability, cost-competitiveness, and compatibility with UK feed regulations and existing production systems.

Key measures

Average daily gain (g/day); feed conversion ratio; milk yield (kg/day); milk composition (fat, protein, lactose %); meat quality indices; carcass characteristics

Outcomes reported

The meta-analysis examined the effects of spirulina supplementation on growth performance, feed efficiency, and product attributes (such as milk composition and meat quality) in small ruminants including sheep and goats. It synthesised quantitative data across multiple primary studies to estimate pooled effect sizes.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Livestock nutrition & feed additives
Study type
Meta-analysis
Study design
Meta-analysis
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
International
System type
Small ruminant livestock
DOI
10.5713/ab.24.0835
Catalogue ID
NRmo3f02hq-05t

Topic tags

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