Summary
This comprehensive review synthesises current understanding of cadmium phytotoxicity and plant tolerance mechanisms in agricultural systems, alongside an assessment of advanced remediation approaches for contaminated soils. The authors evaluate physical, chemical, and biological strategies for reducing cadmium bioavailability and plant uptake, addressing a critical soil health concern with implications for food safety and nutritional quality. The paper integrates mechanisms of cadmium toxicity in plants with practical remediation options relevant to global agricultural contexts.
UK applicability
UK soils may be affected by historical cadmium contamination from certain industrial regions and phosphate fertiliser applications, making this review applicable to domestic soil remediation policy and practice. The remediation strategies reviewed could inform UK guidance on managing contaminated agricultural land, though site-specific soil properties would require local validation.
Key measures
Cadmium accumulation in plants and soils; phytotoxicity thresholds; plant biomass and yield reductions; cadmium bioavailability; remediation efficacy metrics
Outcomes reported
The study reviews cadmium phytotoxicity effects on crops, examines plant tolerance and defence mechanisms, and synthesises evidence on remediation approaches for contaminated agricultural soils. Key outcomes include identification of crop vulnerability thresholds and evaluation of physical, chemical, and biological soil remediation techniques.
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