Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

Estimation of the water content of human teeth using near infrared spectroscopy

Nellie Elizabeth Pretorius; Alexander Forrest; Kerry Brian Walsh

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy · 2025

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Summary

This paper presents the first reported near-infrared spectroscopy model for quantifying water content in human teeth, using partial least squares regression with second derivative pretreatment. The model achieved strong predictive performance (R² 0.91, RMSECV 0.4% w/w) with spectral weightings consistent with O-H absorption, suggesting that clinical caries detection via NIR imaging operates primarily through water content measurement rather than scattering phenomena. This foundational work clarifies the physical basis of an emerging diagnostic technology entering clinical practice.

Regional applicability

The methodological contribution is internationally applicable to improving non-invasive caries detection in clinical dentistry. UK NHS dental services could benefit from validated NIR-based screening tools if the model is further refined for clinical implementation.

Key measures

Cross-validation R² = 0.91; RMSECV = 0.4% w/w; model based on second derivative pretreatment with five factors; O-H overtone and combination feature reliance

Outcomes reported

The study developed a partial least squares regression model to estimate water content in human teeth using near-infrared spectroscopy, achieving a cross-validation R² of 0.91 and root mean square error of cross-validation of 0.4% w/w. The model weightings indicated that caries detection via NIR imaging relies primarily on water absorption features rather than light scattering.

Theme
Measurement & metrics
Subject
Measurement methods & nutrient profiling
Study type
Research
Study design
Laboratory / in vitro study
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
System type
Laboratory / in vitro
DOI
10.1177/09670335251387162
Catalogue ID
NRmoqsls73-000

Topic tags

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